RAL Classic color

RAL 1018 Zinc yellow #F8F32B

RAL 1018 Zinc yellow is shown here as #F8F32B, a widely published sRGB approximation of the printed swatch. It is a pale vivid yellow in the yellow family. In OKLCH it sits at lightness 0.938, chroma 0.194 and hue 108.0°. The nearest CSS named color is yellow (#FFFF00), ΔE2000 2.9 away.

Relative luminance
0.8423
OKLCH L · C · h
0.938 · 0.194 · 108.0
Best text
Black 17.84:1
Hue family
Yellow
Inspect this color Check contrast

#F8F32B color codes

HEX
#F8F32B
RGB
rgb(248, 243, 43)
HSL
hsl(59, 94%, 57%)
OKLCH
oklch(0.938 0.194 108.0)
OKLab
oklab(0.938 -0.060 0.185)
CIELAB (D65)
L* 93.55, a* -18.11, b* 86.07
XYZ (D65)
X 71.20, Y 84.23, Z 14.79
CMYK (naive)
cmyk(0%, 2%, 83%, 3%)

CIELAB and XYZ use the D65 white point; CSS lab() uses D50, so paste the OKLCH or HEX value into stylesheets. CMYK here is a plain formula with no press profile.

RAL and RAL Classic are trademarks of RAL gGmbH, which this site is not affiliated with. The sRGB value is an approximation of the printed swatch; check a physical RAL color card before you specify a paint.

Legibility

Contrast: is #F8F32B accessible?

Black text on it reaches 17.84:1, passing AAA. White text fails at 1.17:1.

WCAG 2 gives the same ratio whichever color is the text; APCA does not, so its Lc changes sign and size with polarity.

Open the Contrast System

  • Black text on it

    17.84:1

    • AA passes
    • AA large passes
    • AAA passes
    • APCA Lc +95

  • White text on it

    1.17:1

    • AA fails
    • AA large fails
    • AAA fails
    • APCA Lc −9

    Text is here, unreadable at 1.17:1

  • As text on black

    17.84:1

    • AA passes
    • AA large passes
    • AAA passes
    • APCA Lc −95

  • As text on white

    1.17:1

    • AA fails
    • AA large fails
    • AAA fails
    • APCA Lc +8

    Text is here, unreadable at 1.17:1

Nearest versions that pass 4.5:1

  • For text on white

    #7D7A00 4.51:1

    Darkening its OKLCH lightness from 0.94 to 0.56 reaches 4.51:1 on white, keeping the hue.

    Compare both in the Contrast System

  • For text on black

    #F8F32B 17.84:1

    It already reaches 17.84:1 on black, so no change is needed.

Checking another pair? Use the Contrast Checker.

Studio

Adjust #F8F32B live

Move lightness, chroma and hue in OKLCH, or drag on the map. The map is every lightness and chroma at the current hue: sRGB inside the solid area, Display P3 out to the dashed line.

The studio needs JavaScript.

Scale

Shades and tints of #F8F32B

Eleven OKLCH lightness steps at this hue, each with its contrast against white and black. #F8F32B sits at step 100.

  1. 50#FFFD7B
    White
    1.07
    Black
    19.58
  2. 100This color#F8F32B
    White
    1.17
    Black
    17.84
  3. 200#E3DF3F
    White
    1.41
    Black
    14.89
  4. 300#C9C500
    White
    1.83
    Black
    11.47
  5. 400#ABA700
    White
    2.54
    Black
    8.25
  6. 500#8F8B00
    White
    3.58
    Black
    5.86
  7. 600#767300
    White
    4.97
    Black
    4.22
  8. 700#5E5B00
    White
    7.06
    Black
    2.97
  9. 800#444200
    White
    10.36
    Black
    2.02
  10. 900#2C2B00
    White
    14.45
    Black
    1.45
  11. 950#181700
    White
    18.08
    Black
    1.16

Under each step, white and black text on it; a bold figure passes 4.5:1.

Gamut

How vivid #F8F32B can get

At its lightness and hue, sRGB reaches OKLCH chroma 0.202; #F8F32B uses 96% of it. Display P3, which many recent phones and laptops show, reaches 0.235 there: 16% more.

0.00.20.40.60.80.20.40.60.8 460480500520540560580600620
  • sRGB
  • Display P3
  • Rec. 2020
  • Dominant wavelength
OKLCH chroma
0.194
sRGB edge
0.202
Display P3 edge
0.235
Rec. 2020 edge
0.241
Dominant wavelength
571 nm
Excitation purity
76%
Chromaticity
x 0.4183, y 0.4948
  • This color#F8F32B
  • Most vivid in sRGB#F9F300
  • Most vivid in Display P3oklch(0.938 0.235 108.0)

On a screen without Display P3 the last tile shows the sRGB edge instead.

Use the wider color where screens show it
.accent {
  color: #f8f32b;
}
@media (color-gamut: p3) {
  .accent { color: color(display-p3 0.9813 0.9558 0); }
}

Mixing

Mixing #F8F32B

Each row is the same mix worked out in a different space, with the halfway color at its end. sRGB, which older CSS gradients use, can sag gray or dark in the middle; OKLab keeps the lightness steps even; OKLCH holds chroma and hue as it goes.

White #FFFFFF

  • sRGB50%#FCF995
  • OKLab50%#FBFBAD
  • OKLCH50%#FBFBAD

Black #000000

  • sRGB50%#7C7A16
  • OKLab50%#605E0A
  • OKLCH50%#605E0A

Its complement #E9E8FF

  • sRGB50%#F1EE95
  • OKLab50%#EFF0B0
  • OKLCH50%#A5FDFF
In CSS
/* A gradient and a mix, worked out in OKLCH */
background: linear-gradient(in oklch, #f8f32b, white);
color: color-mix(in oklch, #f8f32b 50%, white);

In use

#F8F32B in an interface

A button, a link, a heading, a focused field, an icon and a chart line in this color, on a light page and a dark one. Each check is a WCAG 2 contrast minimum: 1.4.3 for text, 1.4.11 for the rest.

Light page

  • Button labelText, 4.5:117.84:1 Passes
  • Link and body-size textText, 4.5:11.17:1 Fails
  • Large headingLarge text, 3:11.17:1 Fails
  • Icons, borders and focus ringsNon-text, 3:11.17:1 Fails

For text on this page, the nearest shade that passes is #7D7A00 4.51:1

Dark page

  • Button labelText, 4.5:117.84:1 Passes
  • Link and body-size textText, 4.5:115.92:1 Passes
  • Large headingLarge text, 3:115.92:1 Passes
  • Icons, borders and focus ringsNon-text, 3:115.92:1 Passes

Color vision

How #F8F32B looks with color blindness

Achromatopsia changes it most, ΔE2000 29.5; deuteranopia changes it least, 2.7.

Simulated with Machado et al. (2009) at full severity, in linear light.

Simulate a whole page What each type sees

  • Protanopia

    No working red (long-wavelength) cones

    #FFE900 ΔE2000 4.2

    Close match

    Reads as pale vivid yellow

  • Deuteranopia

    No working green (medium-wavelength) cones

    #FFEF40 ΔE2000 2.7

    Close match

    Reads as pale vivid yellow

  • Tritanopia

    No working blue (short-wavelength) cones

    #FFE2D0 ΔE2000 28.4

    Distinct

    Reads as pale grayish orange

  • Achromatopsia

    No cone color vision; lightness only

    #ECECEC ΔE2000 29.5

    Distinct

    Reads as off-white

Pairing check

Checked against its complement, #E9E8FF. Their lightness contrast is only 1.02:1, so where hue collapses, add a label, icon or pattern.

VisionThe pairΔE2000Verdict
Normal vision#F8F32B · #E9E8FF43.6Stays distinct
Protanopia#FFE900 · #E3EBFF43.7Stays distinct
Deuteranopia#FFEF40 · #E3E9FE40.4Stays distinct
Tritanopia#FFE2D0 · #E5ECEF15.4Stays distinct
Achromatopsia#ECECEC · #EAEAEA0.4Easily confused

Harmony

Color harmonies for #F8F32B

Its complement is #E9E8FF, a pale grayish violet.

Hue rotations in OKLCH, mapped into sRGB by trimming chroma so hue and lightness stay put.

Open the Harmony Studio
  • Base#F8F32B
  • Complement#E9E8FF

Complementary

Open in Harmony Studio
  • −30°#FFE7C3
  • Base#F8F32B
  • +30°#C1FFAC

Analogous

Open in Harmony Studio
  • Base#F8F32B
  • +120°#D1F0FF
  • +240°#FFE1EF

Triadic

Open in Harmony Studio
  • Base#F8F32B
  • +150°#DFECFF
  • +210°#F8E2FF

Split-complementary

Open in Harmony Studio

Code

Design tokens

Ready-to-paste tokens in six formats. Rename them to fit your system.

CSS custom property

:root {
  --color-ral-1018: #f8f32b;
}

Tailwind config

// tailwind.config.js
module.exports = {
  theme: {
    extend: {
      colors: {
        'ral-1018': '#f8f32b',
      },
    },
  },
};

Tailwind v4 theme

/* app.css — Tailwind CSS v4 */
@import "tailwindcss";

@theme {
  --color-ral-1018: oklch(0.938 0.194 108.0);
}

Design token (W3C DTCG)

{
  "color": {
    "ral-1018": {
      "$type": "color",
      "$value": {
        "colorSpace": "srgb",
        "components": [0.9725, 0.9529, 0.1686],
        "hex": "#f8f32b"
      },
      "$description": "RAL 1018 Zinc yellow (approximate sRGB)"
    }
  }
}

SwiftUI color

import SwiftUI

enum Palette {
    static let ral1018 = Color(.sRGB, red: 0.973, green: 0.953, blue: 0.169, opacity: 1)
}

Jetpack Compose color

import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color

object Palette {
    val Ral1018 = Color(0xFFF8F32B)
}

Matches

The nearest match in each system

The closest CSS name, Tailwind shade, RAL Classic paint and Crayola crayon by ΔE2000; under 2 is hard to tell apart side by side. RAL and Crayola values approximate physical colors.

Neighbors

The eight nearest colors on this site by ΔE2000, closest first. Under 2 is hard to tell apart side by side.

Tools

Open #F8F32B in the tools

Each opens over this page. More colors live in the Color Library, and every color page is listed on the hub.