CSS named color
Royal Blue #4169E1
The CSS keyword royalblue is #4169E1. It is a vivid blue in the blue family. In OKLCH it sits at lightness 0.560, chroma 0.188 and hue 266.4°.
- Relative luminance
- 0.1666
- OKLCH L · C · h
- 0.560 · 0.188 · 266.4
- Best text
- White 4.84:1
- Hue family
- Blue
#4169E1 color codes
- HEX
#4169E1- RGB
rgb(65, 105, 225)- HSL
hsl(225, 73%, 57%)- OKLCH
oklch(0.560 0.188 266.4)- OKLab
oklab(0.560 -0.012 -0.188)- CIELAB (D65)
L* 47.83, a* 26.26, b* -65.26- XYZ (D65)
X 20.82, Y 16.66, Z 73.34- CMYK (naive)
cmyk(71%, 53%, 0%, 12%)
CIELAB and XYZ use the D65 white point; CSS lab() uses D50, so paste the OKLCH or HEX value into stylesheets. CMYK here is a plain formula with no press profile.
Legibility
Contrast: is #4169E1 accessible?
White text on it reaches 4.84:1, passing AA. Black text manages only 4.33:1, enough for large text only.
WCAG 2 gives the same ratio whichever color is the text; APCA does not, so its Lc changes sign and size with polarity.
Open the Contrast System-
Black text on it
4.33:1
- AA fails
- AA large passes
- AAA fails
- APCA Lc +30
-
White text on it
4.84:1
- AA passes
- AA large passes
- AAA fails
- APCA Lc −78
-
As text on black
4.33:1
- AA fails
- AA large passes
- AAA fails
- APCA Lc −28
-
As text on white
4.84:1
- AA passes
- AA large passes
- AAA fails
- APCA Lc +73
Nearest versions that pass 4.5:1
-
For text on white
#4169E1 4.84:1
It already reaches 4.84:1 on white, so no change is needed.
-
For text on black
#446CE4 4.51:1
Lightening its OKLCH lightness from 0.56 to 0.57 reaches 4.51:1 on black, keeping the hue.
Checking another pair? Use the Contrast Checker.
Studio
Adjust #4169E1 live
Move lightness, chroma and hue in OKLCH, or drag on the map. The map is every lightness and chroma at the current hue: sRGB inside the solid area, Display P3 out to the dashed line.
Scale
Shades and tints of #4169E1
Eleven OKLCH lightness steps at this hue, each with its contrast against white and black. #4169E1 sits at step 600.
Under each step, white and black text on it; a bold figure passes 4.5:1.
Gamut
How vivid #4169E1 can get
At its lightness and hue, sRGB reaches OKLCH chroma 0.242; #4169E1 uses 78% of it. Display P3, which many recent phones and laptops show, reaches 0.259 there: 7% more.
- sRGB
- Display P3
- Rec. 2020
- Dominant wavelength
- OKLCH chroma
- 0.188
- sRGB edge
- 0.242
- Display P3 edge
- 0.259
- Rec. 2020 edge
- 0.262
- Dominant wavelength
- 470 nm
- Excitation purity
- 66%
- Chromaticity
- x 0.1879, y 0.1503
- This color#4169E1
- Most vivid in sRGB#335FFF
- Most vivid in Display P3oklch(0.560 0.259 266.4)
On a screen without Display P3 the last tile shows the sRGB edge instead.
.accent {
color: #4169e1;
}
@media (color-gamut: p3) {
.accent { color: color(display-p3 0.2269 0.3498 1); }
}Mixing
Mixing #4169E1
Each row is the same mix worked out in a different space, with the halfway color at its end. sRGB, which older CSS gradients use, can sag gray or dark in the middle; OKLab keeps the lightness steps even; OKLCH holds chroma and hue as it goes.
White #FFFFFF
- sRGB50%#A0B4F0
- OKLab50%#9CB6F4
- OKLCH50%#9CB6F4
Black #000000
- sRGB50%#213571
- OKLab50%#132456
- OKLCH50%#132456
Its complement #926F00
- sRGB50%#6A6C71
- OKLab50%#6A758B
- OKLCH50%#008873
/* A gradient and a mix, worked out in OKLCH */
background: linear-gradient(in oklch, #4169e1, white);
color: color-mix(in oklch, #4169e1 50%, white);In use
#4169E1 in an interface
A button, a link, a heading, a focused field, an icon and a chart line in this color, on a light page and a dark one. Each check is a WCAG 2 contrast minimum: 1.4.3 for text, 1.4.11 for the rest.
Light page
- Button labelText, 4.5:14.84:1 Passes
- Link and body-size textText, 4.5:14.84:1 Passes
- Large headingLarge text, 3:14.84:1 Passes
- Icons, borders and focus ringsNon-text, 3:14.84:1 Passes
Dark page
- Button labelText, 4.5:14.84:1 Passes
- Link and body-size textText, 4.5:13.86:1 Fails
- Large headingLarge text, 3:13.86:1 Passes
- Icons, borders and focus ringsNon-text, 3:13.86:1 Passes
For text on this page, the nearest shade that passes is #4C76EF 4.58:1
Color vision
How #4169E1 looks with color blindness
Achromatopsia changes it most, ΔE2000 27.3; deuteranopia changes it least, 4.4.
Simulated with Machado et al. (2009) at full severity, in linear light.
Simulate a whole page What each type sees-
Protanopia
No working red (long-wavelength) cones
#0879E5 ΔE2000 8.0
Noticeable
Reads as vivid blue
-
Deuteranopia
No working green (medium-wavelength) cones
#006ADF ΔE2000 4.4
Close match
Reads as vivid blue
-
Tritanopia
No working blue (short-wavelength) cones
#00869B ΔE2000 23.9
Distinct
Reads as soft cyan
-
Achromatopsia
No cone color vision; lightness only
#717171 ΔE2000 27.3
Distinct
Reads as gray
Pairing check
Checked against its complement, #926F00. Their lightness contrast is only 1.03:1, so where hue collapses, add a label, icon or pattern.
| Vision | The pair | ΔE2000 | Verdict |
|---|---|---|---|
| Normal vision | #4169E1 · #926F00 | 57.8 | Stays distinct |
| Protanopia | #0879E5 · #7F6F00 | 57.4 | Stays distinct |
| Deuteranopia | #006ADF · #87780B | 60.1 | Stays distinct |
| Tritanopia | #00869B · #9F635E | 48.9 | Stays distinct |
| Achromatopsia | #717171 · #747474 | 1.2 | Easily confused |
Harmony
Color harmonies for #4169E1
Its complement is #926F00, a soft amber, on the warm side of the wheel.
Hue rotations in OKLCH, mapped into sRGB by trimming chroma so hue and lightness stay put.
Open the Harmony Studio- Base#4169E1
- Complement#926F00
Complementary
Open in Harmony Studio- −30°#007EB2
- Base#4169E1
- +30°#8254D3
Analogous
Open in Harmony Studio- Base#4169E1
- +120°#CB3532
- +240°#008D2E
Triadic
Open in Harmony Studio- Base#4169E1
- +150°#AF5B00
- +210°#717D00
Split-complementary
Open in Harmony StudioCode
Design tokens
Ready-to-paste tokens in six formats. Rename them to fit your system.
:root {
--color-royalblue: #4169e1;
}// tailwind.config.js
module.exports = {
theme: {
extend: {
colors: {
royalblue: '#4169e1',
},
},
},
};/* app.css — Tailwind CSS v4 */
@import "tailwindcss";
@theme {
--color-royalblue: oklch(0.560 0.188 266.4);
}{
"color": {
"royalblue": {
"$type": "color",
"$value": {
"colorSpace": "srgb",
"components": [0.2549, 0.4118, 0.8824],
"hex": "#4169e1"
},
"$description": "CSS named color royalblue"
}
}
}import SwiftUI
enum Palette {
static let royalblue = Color(.sRGB, red: 0.255, green: 0.412, blue: 0.882, opacity: 1)
}import androidx.compose.ui.graphics.Color
object Palette {
val Royalblue = Color(0xFF4169E1)
}Matches
The nearest match in each system
The closest CSS name, Tailwind shade, RAL Classic paint and Crayola crayon by ΔE2000; under 2 is hard to tell apart side by side. RAL and Crayola values approximate physical colors.
Tools
Open #4169E1 in the tools
Each opens over this page. More colors live in the Color Library, and every color page is listed on the hub.
- Color InspectorEvery format, its names, contrast and color vision in one panel.
- Contrast SystemBlack and white text on this color, with fixes in both directions.
- Harmony StudioPalettes built from this color, walked to a contrast target if you ask.
- Color Space ConverterThe same color in 34 notations, with its gamut headroom.
- Color Name FinderThe nearest of 1,055 color names by ΔE2000.